International payments and solutions to protect against the risk of nonpayment

Foster the identification and assessment of the risk of non-payment in foreign sales through application knowledge of the most effective payment, guarantee and insurance tools in order to "secure" one's receivables.

- Interaction between commercial, contractual, logistical and financial aspects
- Protective tools to hedge against the risk of nonpayment
- Advance and deferred bank transfers secured or unsecured
- Bank check: Sbf negotiation and sending to after collection: risks
- Documentary collection (D/P CAD D/A): what is it and what are the risks
- Documentary credit: definition, articulation, characteristics, benefits, risks, and relevant regulations (ICC's UCP 600 and ISBP 745)
- Documentary credit without confirmation, with confirmation and silent confirmation
- Stages of documentary credit: from negotiation, application for opening, issuance, to collection; Use of documentary credit: date, place and manner
- Compliant submission of documents as a condition for payment
- Rules for document compilation and effective LC management
- Examination of documents by banks: acceptance, rejection, acceptance with reservation Discounting of documentary credit with advance payment of the amount
- Stand by Letter of Credit and stand-alone first demand guarantees: when and how to adopt them, differences, benefits, risks, and ICC regulations (ISP 98 and URDG 758)
- Types of guarantees (direct, indirect, counter-guarantees) and their application: advance payment guarantee, payment bond, bid bond, performance bond
- Deferred payments using the Forfaiting technique: what it is, when and how to adopt it
- Formulation of the payment clause in international contracts
- Examination of cases, exercises.